Which structure is involved in the modification and packaging of proteins?

The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in the modification and packaging of proteins. After proteins are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, they are transported to the Golgi apparatus, where they undergo various modifications. These modifications can include the addition of carbohydrate groups, which help to shape the protein’s final structure and function.

Once the proteins have been properly modified, the Golgi apparatus packages them into vesicles. These vesicles can then transport the proteins to their next destination, such as lysosomes, the cell membrane, or be secreted outside the cell. This process is essential for ensuring that proteins are correctly configured for their specific roles within the cell or for export.

In contrast, the nucleus is primarily involved in the storage of genetic information and the synthesis of ribosomal RNA. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for initial protein synthesis and folding, but it does not package proteins. Lysosomes are involved in digestion and waste processing within the cell, rather than in the packaging or modification of proteins.